Patocka (1992:180-181) – objectidade

Erazim Kohak

Take as an example the things of our ordinary surroundings. These are realities we encounter in persona. The table, the typewriter, the landscape, the brook, the forest are there before me as themselves, not as represented by our subjective impressions, whenever I perceive them as present. However, for the physicist, who works with purely conceptual schemata, the real world is the world of physics, and that world seems to him related to our “subjective image” of this physical world by the causal bond of neurophysiology. Phenomenology reveals something important, that the thing, the real thing itself, in persona, is the thing of our perception and of our immediate practice—as opposed to its mere presentation, memory, verbal allusion when we merely speak of it, without its living presence; the thing with its practical qualities— the road as fit for walking or driving, the landscape that beckons us, the night forest with its terrifying and mysterious solitude, the joyful or the merciless blue of the sky above, these are the things themselves, not only their traits or qualities but their “expressive cast” as well, their mutual references, their contiguity of form that makes for the close solidarity of the “appearance” and the presence of each of them—all those are originary characteristics, not “inserted” secondarily into impressions. For things as they appear to us are aspects of the world in its relation to us, in dialogue with us, they are what we meet of the world and in the world, what suits us or repels us, simply what of it we understand and what “addresses us” directly as meaningful, and this grasping of a given meaning, continuing in indefinitum, this anticipation which is constantly being confirmed or denied, continuing through corrections, in surprising or tedious but ever ready twists, is the perceiving of things—the most important task in which the world manifests itself to us and coexists with us, continuously, ever anew, ever making a claim on us. The constitution of the thing is this achievement, continuous, spreading out endlessly. To say it is an achievement does not imply subjectification because meaning is not captured simply by opening our eyes but rather with “all of our soul”—we know already (from the example first presented in Philosophy of Arithmetic with respect to number) that activity is the presupposition for this capturing of meaning, that objectivity cannot become meaningful for us in any other way, and yet it does not cease to be objectivity: quite the contrary, it only becomes such on this basis.

Erika Abrams

[PATOCKA, Jan. Introduction à la phénoménologie de Husserl. Grenoble: Jérôme Millon, 1992]
Excertos de

Heidegger – Fenomenologia e Hermenêutica

Responsáveis: João e Murilo Cardoso de Castro

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